Reflexes of the Most Ancient Root *Deng «Equal» in Eurasian Languages and Interpersonal Relationship Cognitions of Paremias in the Kyrgyz Language

Abstract

The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of contemporary reflexes of the *deng «equal» the most ancient root in a number of Eurasian language families. The article shows that in ancient times this root had an adjective meaning. In the process of its development, the *deng «equal» the most ancient root underwent various modifications, both in form and in meaning. Morphological changes at the beginning (d / t), middle (e / ə / a / and / ö / о) and the end (ng / ngg / nk / n / k / g / y) of the compared units correspond to the patterns of alternation in the languages ​​of Eurasia. It was established that the most ancient root *deng «equal», which in antiquity had only an adjective meaning, functionally modifying and semantically enriching, acquired substantive («sameness», «dentification», «scales», «connective»...), additional adjective («equivalent», «similar», «equitable», «the same»...), adverbial («on a par», «equally», «evenly», «identically», «jointly»...) and relational («how», «as if», «as though», «like», «such as», «kind of»...) meanings. Cognitive-semantic originality, constructive-syntactic structure in traditional Kyrgyz speech formulas ensuring the normal flow of interpersonal communications, the most important imperative expressions associating with speech etiquette were characterized, which is necessary for speech culture theory study and practice.