The Impact Of Intermittent Fasting Regimen On Hypertension And Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

A large reduction in the high density lipoprotein level is a prognostic marker of cardiovascular disease. Intermittent fasting is a form of time restricted eating for typically 16 h fasting and 8 h eating, which discovered in recent years and shows as a new paradigm in the weight loss and the reduction of inflammation and has many long term health benefits. In this review,  focusing on the effects of intermittent fasting on the cardiovascular , its benefits for diabetes mellitus type 2, lowering of blood pressure, and exploring other cardiovascular risk factors such as lipid profile and  inflammation. It was investigated daily blood pressure changes monthly during fasting periods ranged  six months in a cohort of 30 subjects hypertensive onmedicated. Subjects underwent an intermittent fasting program with a daily intake of ≈500-600 kcal. Weight and stress scores decreased during fasting. Body weight decreased  from 90 ± 1 to 75 ± 3 kg, body mass index decreased from 37. 58 ± 1 to 29.66 ± 0.5 kg/m², total cholesterol decreased from 237.9 ± 1.2 to 191.1 ± 1.1 mg/dL, low density lipoprotein decreased from 80.78 ± 26.2 to 45.51 ± 0.6 mg/dL, high density lipoprotein improved from 45.6 ± 11.5 to 55 ± 5.0 mg/dL, triglycerides decreased from 227.4 ± 3.0 to 201 ± 1 mg/dL, thyroxine- T4 improved from 14.48 ± 0.5 and 3.36 ± 0.1 to 10.18 ± 0.2 and 1.82 ± 0.5 and blood pressure mean values decreased from 159 ± 2/110 ± 5 to 123 ± 1/81 ± 1.1 mm Hg respectively, for hypertensive medicated subjects >160/110 mm Hg, compared to the standard values 60 ± 1, 25, 200, Less than 129, More than  65, 200-240, 9.0-20.0 Pmol/L, 0.15-7.0 uIU/ml. Medication was stopped in 100% of the subjects. The decrease in blood pressure was larger in subjects fasting longer. Baseline metabolic parameters, such as body mass index and glucose levels, as well as age, can be used to predict the amplitude of the blood pressure decrease during fasting.

Conclusions: Intermittent fasting for long-term tends to decrease blood pressure in subjects with elevated blood pressure values, even when subjects stopped their antihypertensive medication.